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What is Anxiety?
Anxiety is a normal response to stress that helps us prepare to face or avoid danger. It is a feeling of fear, worry or unease about something, usually with an uncertain outcome. Everyone experiences anxiety differently. It can manifest itself both mentally and physically, and can range from mild feelings of apprehension to severe panic attacks. For some people, anxiety can be so severe that it affects their daily lives.
Types of Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety is a common experience, but when it becomes excessive and persistent, it can be classified as an anxiety disorder. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA), there are 6 major types of anxiety disorders: generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and specific phobias. Each type of anxiety disorder has its own set of symptoms that vary in intensity, duration, and frequency.
Treating Anxiety with Medication
Anxiety disorders are usually treated with a combination of therapy and medication. Medication is usually the first line of treatment for anxiety disorders, as it can help to alleviate the symptoms of anxiety quickly and effectively. The most commonly prescribed medications for anxiety are antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, and beta-blockers. Each type of medication works differently, so it is important to talk to your doctor about which one is right for you.
Antidepressants
Antidepressants are medications that are used to treat depression and anxiety. They work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which helps to regulate mood and reduce anxiety. Commonly prescribed antidepressants for anxiety include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These medications can help to reduce symptoms of anxiety, but it can take several weeks for them to take effect.
Anti-Anxiety Medications
Anti-anxiety medications are prescribed to treat anxiety disorders. These medications work quickly, usually within 30 minutes to an hour, and can help to reduce the symptoms of anxiety. Commonly prescribed anti-anxiety medications include benzodiazepines, such as Xanax, and non-benzodiazepines, such as Buspar. While these medications can be very effective in reducing symptoms of anxiety, they can be habit-forming and should be taken only as prescribed.
Beta-Blockers
Beta-blockers are medications that are usually used to treat high blood pressure, but they can also be used to treat the physical symptoms of anxiety, such as trembling, sweating, and rapid heartbeat. These medications block the effects of adrenaline and can help to reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety. Commonly prescribed beta-blockers for anxiety include propranolol and metoprolol.
Alternative Treatments for Anxiety
In addition to medications, there are several alternative treatments for anxiety that can help to reduce symptoms. These treatments include cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, exercise, yoga, and meditation. While these treatments cannot cure anxiety, they can help to reduce symptoms and improve overall quality of life.
The Bottom Line
Anxiety is a normal response to stress and can range from mild feelings of apprehension to severe panic attacks. Anxiety disorders can be effectively treated with medications such as antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, and beta-blockers. In addition to medications, alternative treatments such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, exercise, yoga, and meditation can also help to reduce symptoms of anxiety.